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Topic 1 : Introduction Of Chemistry Questions With Answers ~ Chemistry Form 1 Topic 2 : Laboratory Techniques And Safety Questions With Answers ~ Chemistry Form 1 Topic 3 : Heat Sources And Flames Questions With Answers ~ Chemistry Form 1 Topic 6 : Air Combustion Rusting And Fire Fighting Questions With Answers ~ Chemistry Form 1

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

QUESTIONS.

  1. Multiple choice.

    Choose the most correct answer.

(i) The following conditions may affect the state of matter.

  A: pressure and colour       B: type of container

  C: pressure and temperature  D: volume and time

(ii) Applied to separate the mixture if the components of the mixture have different boiling points.

   A: decantation  method   B: layer separation method

   C: solvent extraction      D: fractional distillation

(iii) Matter exists in _________ physical states.

  A: two.    B: five.    C: three   D: four

(iv)Molecular particles in solid state of mater are closely packed together and _________ exists between them.

A: strong force of attraction   B: bond

C: weak force of attraction    D: gravity

(v) Gaseous substance in a container may change into _________ if pressure is increased.

  A: liquid  B: sublimes   C: solid  D: powdered

(vi) is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

  A: solute  B: solvent  C: solution  D: suspension

(vii) One of the following is not matter.

  A: chalk  B: diesel  C: air  D: colour

(viii) in the following substance, its particles are arranged in a fixed pattern.

A: water   B: carbon dioxide   C: iron   D: petrol

(ix). Making blades from flour is a _________

A: combustion   B: chemical change   C: physical change    D: rusting

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

(x) For the substance which its particles are separated and they are free to move, it means that substance is ___________

  A: a gas  B: a solid  C: a liquid  D: wood

(xi) which of the following substances sublimes

A: iodine, aluminium chloride, ammonium chloride and anhydrous iron chloride

B: sand, plastics, sugar and salt

C: salt, sugar, glucose and ice

D: water, petrol, diesel and kerosene

(xii) ________ is a method which used to separate mixture of substances with different densities.

  A: chromatography  B: filtering  C: boiling  D: layer separation

(xiii) A substance that can be easily compressed in its containers is _______

A: stone  B: water   C: gas  D: grease

(xiv) Which of the following is a physical change?

A: turning sour of milk   B: salt dissolving in water

C: forest burning        D: fermentation of fruits

(xv) The following are uses of solvents except_________

A: cleaning   B: stain removal    C: breaching agent     D: greasing

(xvi) Syrups are examples of ______

   A: solutions  B: homogeneous mixture    C: suspension    D: filtrate

(xvii) In a sugar and water mixture, sugar is

A: solution   B: solvent   C: suspension   D: solute

(xviii) Decantation process involves

A: sedimentation   B: saturation   C: melting   D: distillation

(xix) The best way of separating iron filling from sulphur powder is by _________

A: separating funnel    B: evaporation   C: magnet    D: winnowing

(xx) When a small amount of salt is dissolved in a glass of water the mixture formed is _________

A:.heterogeneous   B: suspension   C: immiscible   D: homogeneous

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

  1. Matching items.

   Match items in list A  with responses in list B

         List A

(i) Used to separate colour pigments.

(ii) The symbol of copper element

(iii) symbol for cobalt

(iv) Mixture of sand and iodine

(v) The group of metal elements

(vi) The mixture of flour and rice seeds

(vi) Examples of compounds

(vii) Examples of mixture

(viii) Mixture of maize and bean seeds

(ix) it is different from its constituent elements

(x) The group of non-metal elements

List B.

A: Can be separated by picking method

B: mud water and air(i) Used to separate colour pigments.

C: water and salts

D: K, Na and Mg

E: S, O and Ar

F: compound

G: sieving process can separate them

H: chromatography

I: sublimation method is used to separate them

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J: Co

K: Cu

  1. Name the following processes

   (a) Change of matter from liquid into solid

   (b) Change of matter from solid into liquid.

   (c) Direct change of matter from  solid into gas without passing through the liquid state.

   (d) Direct change of matter from gas into solid without passing through the liquid state.

   (e) Change of matter from gas into liquid.

   (f) Change of liquid matter into gas.

   (g) Structural change of matter

   (h) Composition change of matter

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

  1. Classify the following

    (i) aluminium, silver, sulphur, copper, neon, calcium, chlorine and oxygen   into metals and non-metals

  (ii) ethanol, water, sugar, salt  into solute and solvent

   (iii) air, water, milk, ethanol, tea and crude oil into compound and mixture

  1. Define the terms

   (a) Element   (b) Compound   (c) Mixture  (d) Solution   (e) Suspension

   (f) Solvent    (g) Solute       (h) Emulsion

  1. Explain three types of solution.
  1. Describe kinetic nature of matter in the following substances:-

  (a) iron   (b) lemon juice   (c) carbon dioxide

  1. With examples, explain how mixture can be separated by using the following methods.

  (a) decantation  (b) sublimation  (c) filtration  (d) evaporation

  (e) fractional distillation  (f) chromatography  (g) solvent extraction

  1. (a) Outline the characteristics of the following

   (i)liquid substances   (ii) gaseous substances   (iii) solid substances

   (iv) compound   (v) mixture

  (b) show difference between compound and mixture

  (c) is orange juice a mixture or a compound? Give two reasons

10.(i)  Name the methods which used to separate the following mixture.

   (a) mixture of water and petrol.

   (b) mixture of sand and water

   (c) mixture of water and ammonium chloride

   (d) mixture of ethanol and water

   (e) mixture of ammonium chloride and sand

  (ii) list steps necessary for the extraction of oil in groundnuts using ethanol as a solvent.

  1. (i) Write the names of the elements represented by the following symbols.

  (a) Cu  (b) C  (c) Mg  (d) Na  (e) K  (f) S  (g) Cl

   (ii) Write the chemical symbols for the following elements

  (a) silicon  (b) lead  (c) iron  (d) fluorin

  (e) phosphorous

  1. Explain the meaning of the following processes

(a) chemical change of matter  (b) physical change of matter

  1. (a) What are the differences between

      (i) water and oxygen      (ii) kerosene and stone      (iii) oxygen and stone

TOPIC 5 : MATTER QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ~ CHEMISTRY FORM 1

  (b) with examples, name the states of matter

ANSWERS.

  1. (i)C          (xi) A

    (ii) D          (xii) D

    (iii) C         (xiii) C

    (iv) A        (xiv) B

    (v)  A          (xv) D

   (vi)  C         (xvi) C

   (vii) D         (xvii) D

   (viii) C        (xviii) A

   (ix)   B          (xix) C

   (x)    A            (xx) D

  1. (i) H(vi) C

    (ii) K          (vii) B

    (iii) J        (viii) A

    (iv)  I         (ix) F

     (v)  D         (x) E

  1. (a) freezing

    (b) melting

   (c) sublimation

   (d) deposition (desublimation)

   (e) condensation

   (f) evaporation

   (g) physical change

   (h) chemical change

  1. (i) metalsnon-metals

       -aluminium            -sulphur

       -silver                      -neon

       -copper                   -chlorine

       -calcium                 -oxygen

    (ii) Solute            Solvent

         -sugar            -ethanol

         -salt               -water

    (iii) compound             mixture

           -water.                  -air

          -ethanol.               -milk

          -tea                        -crude oil

  1. (a) Element is a pure chemical substance which cannot be split into simpler substances by any chemical means.

     (b) Compound is a pure substance that obtained after chemical combination of two or more elements.

     (c) Mixture is a substance  which made up of two or more substance that not chemically combined together.

    (d) Solution is homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

     (e) Suspension is heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

    (f) Solvent is a substance which dissolves other substances(solutes).

   (g) Solute is a substance which dissolved in another substance(solvent).

   (h) Emulsion is a mixture of liquids that do not mix completely with each other.

  1. Types of Solutions

On the basis of dissolution of solute in solvent, solutions can be classified in three types;

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  -saturated,

 -unsaturated and

 -supersaturated solutions.

An unsaturated solution can be defined as the solution in which solvent is capable of dissolving any more solute at given temperature.

 In other words, solvent does not contain enough amount of solute in it and can dissolve more solute.

  A saturated solution is the solution in which solvent is not capable of dissolving any more solute at given temperature.

A super saturated solution contains large amount of solute at that temperature and as temperature become reduced the extra solute crystallize quickly.

  1. The following are kinetic nature of the substances

 (a) Iron, particles are closely packed in a regular arrangement. The particles vibrate about a fixed position.

(b) lemon juice, particles are closely packed in a random arrangement. The particles can move through the liquid but they cling together.

Carbon dioxide, The particles are far apart. There motion is random and independent of the other particles.

  1. (a) decantation is a method which used to separate suspension components that take short time to settle down completely.

-solid portion of the mixture allowed to settle completely, then a clear liquid portion poured carefully into another container leaving the solid particles.

(b) Sublimation is method which used to separate mixture that contain component which sublimes.

  -the mixture heated to a certain temperature that make one of the component in a mixture to sublime as a pure component leaving residuals unchanged.

(c) filtration.

      Is a method which used to separate components of suspension that take long time to settle completely.

   -filter paper prepared and placed in a filter funnel then the mixture is powered carefully on a filter paper in a filter funnel. Clear liquid is obtained

  (d) evaporation is a method which used to separate solute from liquid solution.

   -A solvent is converted into gas when the mixture boiled/heated and solute remains as residue.

  (e) fractional distillation is a method that used to separate homogeneous mixture that its components differ in boiling points.

    -The component with lower boiling point escape  and collected first as pure substance.

  (f) chromatography is method of separating mixture of the colour pigments.

    -it separate colour pigments by determining rate of movement of coloured substances.

  (g) solvent extraction

         Is a method which used to separate oil from plants materials, especially seeds.

    -solvent is used to dissolve oil and the mixture of solvent and oil distilled so as to obtain pure oil.

  1. (a) (i) Properties of Liquid Matter

-Particles are slight father apart

-Have definite volume

-Have not definite shape

-Have medium density due to medium

volume

– Have medium motion

– Inter-particle force is weak

   (ii) Properties of Gas Matter

-have not definite shape

-have not definite volume

-have largest inter particle distance

-have low density due to largest volume

-have weakest inter particle force

– Particles move at high speed

Change of State in Matter

  (iii) Properties of Solid Matter

– Particles are closely packed together

-Have definite shape and volume

-Have strongest inter-particle force

-Particles are not free to move

-Have high density

  (iv) Properties of compound

  1. Compound cannot be seen separated
  2. Constituent elements can be separated by chemical means

iii. Constituent elements Have definite ratio

iv.When formed involve chemical change

  1. Its properties differ from its Constituent elements

  (v) properties of mixture

  1. mixture can be seen separated
  2. Constituent elements can be separated by physical means
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iii. Constituent elements Have no definite ratio

iv.When formed involve physical change

  1. It shows properties same as its Constituent elements

(b) difference between compound and mixture

(i) in a compound its components not seen separately while in a mixture components seen separately.

(ii) Components of a compound separated by chemical means while components of mixture separated by physical means.

(iii) energy is involved during formation of compound while when forming a mixture energy is not involved

(iv) there is definite ratio of component in a compound while in a mixture components combine in any ratio.

(v) formation of compound involves chemical change while in forming a mixture physical change is involved.

(c) Orange juice is a compound due to the following reasons

(i). Its Constituent elements Have definite ratio

(ii). Its properties differ from its Constituent elements

(iii) in an orange components not seen separately

a) Layer separation

b) Decantation

c) Sublimation

d) Fractional distillation

e) Sublimation

(ii) The entire extraction process can be divided into the following stages.

-Preparation of raw material

-Process of extraction

-Desolventization of extracted material

-Distillation of miscella

-Solvent recovery by absorption

-Meal finishing and bagging

(i) a) copper

b) carbon

c) magnesium

d) sodium

e) potassium

f) sulphur

g) chlorine

      (ii) a) Si

  1. b) Pb
  2. c) Fe
  3. d) F
  4. e) P
  1. (a) Chemical change of matter

                   Refers to the change of matter which affects the chemical composition of matter.

     Changes involve breaking of bond and establishing new bonds.

   (b) physical change of matter

        Refers to the change of matter which does not affect the chemical composition of matter.

     Changes do not involve breaking of bond and establishing new bonds.

  1. (a) (i) Difference between water and oxygen

        – in water Particles are slight father apart While in oxygen there is great inter particle distance

        -water has definite volume and no definite shape while oxygen has no both definite shape and volume.

       -water has week intermolecular force of attraction while oxygen has no intermolecular force of attraction

(ii) difference between kerosene and stone

     -particles in kerosene are not arranged in fixed pattern while in a stone particles are arranged in fixed pattern

        – in kerosene Particles are slight father apart While in stone are closer

        -kerosene has definite volume and no definite shape while stone has both definite shape and volume.

       -kerosene has week intermolecular force of attraction while stone has strong intermolecular force of attraction

  (iii) difference between oxygen and stone

     -particles in oxygen are free to move in either direction in its container While in a stone particles are fixed such that they are not free to move(they vibrate in their fixed positions)

   -oxygen has no definite volume and shape While stone has definite volume and shape.

  -in oxygen, there is no intermolecular force of attraction between particles While in a stone a strong intermolecular force of attraction exists between particles.

-in oxygen there is great distance from one particle and another while in a stone particles are closer.

  (b) We have three states of matter which are

  (i) Solid state  for example wood, iron and plastics

  (ii) Liquid state  for example water, petrol and soda

  (iii) Gaseous state for example carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrogen

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