TOPIC 15: MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION ~ ECONOMICS FORM 6
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Marketing: refers to making communication about products or services. A purpose of which is to encourage the receipt of the communication to purchase/ use the product of the service
-Marketing involves finding what customers want, setting out to meet their needs provided and it can be done at a profit.
-Distribution: is a commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer. It is about how to get the product in the hands of consumer.
-NOTE:
The topic of distribution tries to identify the role played by cooperatives, crop authority, board, agencies, corporation etc.
In Tanzania marketing and distribution is done by;
COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES.
Cooperative societies are based on the following principles;
TYPES OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES.
Societies are categorized into two main groups
This includes primary cooperative society, secondary cooperative societies, national cooperative society and international cooperative society.
This include saving and credit cooperative society, marketing cooperative society.
ROLES OF MARKETING COOPERATIVE SOCIETY
PROBLEMS FACING MARKETING COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES.
MARKETING BOARDS.
Are trading agencies established by the government to control the marketing of primary and processed agricultural commodities.
There two main categories of marketing boards;
II) STATUTORY BOARDS.
This is a marketing board that involved in market of food stuffs e.g. maize, cashew nuts etc
Examples of marketing boards in Tanzania;
ROLES OF MARKETING BOARDS
Buying product from farmers
Setting out prices with the help of the government
Storage and collection of produce
They offer transport from the producers to the warehouse
They offer advices to producers on mechanization and new technology
They control the production of the produce
They advice the government on importation and exportation products
They conduct research on marketing of agricultural product
They conduct selling of produce.
PROBLEMS FACING MARKETING BOARDS
BOARD OF INTERNAL TRADE (BIT)
It was establish in 1973 replacing state trading company. The board has the following functions;
BOARD OF EXTERNAL TRADE (BET)
The following are the function of BET;
PRIVATE CROP BUYERS.
Are businessmen, who buy crops directly from producers, they can be in the form of individual or companies.
ADVANTAGES OF PRIVATE CROP BUYERS.
DISADVANTAGES OF PRIVATE CROP BUYERS.
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION.
Transport; is a movement of a good or service from one place to another.
The following are the modes of transport.
There are mainly three forms or modes of transport namely.
LAND TRANSPORT.
It includes the following means of transport human portage, animal transport, road transport
Human portage
It consider/ means of transport where human beings acts as unit of carriage (vessels)
DISADVANTAGES
Animal transport
This is means of transport which uses camels, horses, donkey, bulls as a means/ units of carriage.
ADVANTAGES
Road transport
This involves the use of vehicles.
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES.
Railway transport
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Pipe lines.
This refers to use of pipe in transporting liquids and gases i.e. Tazama
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES.
DISADVANTAGES
AIR TRANSPORT
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHILE CHOOSING A MEANS / MODE OF TRANSPORT
COMMUNICATION
Is the transfer of information from one person or point to another
The following are type’s communication;
Is the convention of information through mouth
2. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
Is the convention of information through written documents
3. VISUAL COMMUNICATION
This involves use of picture
4. AUDIOVISUAL COMMUNICATION
Note:
Generally is composed with written and Visual communication in which verbal communication involves the use of words (face to face) and Non verbal involves the use of gestures,symbols and sign language like Tanzania sign language (TSL)
5.VERBAL COMMUNICATION-face to face ,telephone,radio,television and other media.
6.NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION-body language,sign language,gestures,how we dress or act.
TOPIC 15: MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION ~ ECONOMICS FORM 6
QN. Discuss the roles of transport and communication in the economy
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION PLAY THE FOLLOWING ROLES
PROBLEM FACING TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
Remoteness of some areas.
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