Classification of Accounts
It is necessary to know the classification of accounts and their treatment in double entry system of accounts. Broadly, the accounts are classified into three categories:
- Personal accounts
- Impersonal
- Real accounts
- Tangible accounts
- Intangible accounts
Let us go through them each of them one by one.
Difference between Personal and Impersonal Account
Differentiate between personal and impersonal accounts
Personal Accounts
Personal accounts may be further classified into three categories:
Natural Personal Account
An account related to any individual like David, George, Ram, or Shyam is called as a Natural Personal Account.
Artificial Personal Account
An
account related to any artificial person like M/s ABC Ltd, M/s General
Trading, M/s Reliance Industries, etc., is called as an Artificial Personal Account.
account related to any artificial person like M/s ABC Ltd, M/s General
Trading, M/s Reliance Industries, etc., is called as an Artificial Personal Account.
Representative Personal Account
Representative
personal account represents a group of account. If there are a number
of accounts of similar nature, it is better to group them like salary
payable account, rent payable account, insurance prepaid account,
interest receivable account, capital account and drawing account, etc.
personal account represents a group of account. If there are a number
of accounts of similar nature, it is better to group them like salary
payable account, rent payable account, insurance prepaid account,
interest receivable account, capital account and drawing account, etc.
Example of personal account
Possessions of the Business
Identify the possessions of the business
Real Accounts
Every
Business has some assets and every asset has an account. Thus, asset
account is called a real account. There are two type of assets:
Business has some assets and every asset has an account. Thus, asset
account is called a real account. There are two type of assets:
- Tangible assets are touchable assets such as plant, machinery, furniture, stock, cash, etc
- Intangible assets are non-touchable assets such as goodwill, patent, copyrights, etc.
Accounting treatment for both type of assets is same.
Nominal Accounts
Since
this account does not represent any tangible asset, it is called
nominal or fictitious account. All kinds of expense account, loss
account, gain account or income accounts come under the category of
nominal account. For example, rent account, salary account, electricity
expenses account, interest income account, etc.
this account does not represent any tangible asset, it is called
nominal or fictitious account. All kinds of expense account, loss
account, gain account or income accounts come under the category of
nominal account. For example, rent account, salary account, electricity
expenses account, interest income account, etc.
Impersonal account. any account other than a personal account, being classified as either a real account, in which property is recorded, or a nominal account, in which income, expenses and capital are recorded.
A creditor is an entity or person that lends money or extends credit to another party.
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